Gender Politics A Society s Position On Gender Roles...

Gender politics refers to a society s position on gender roles and their expectations. The big question is, In this society what is acceptable or unacceptable for males and females? Some people think that all men have power and all women don t. That is not true – (M.Atwood, 2001). The sexual development of children start in their early stages of childhood, From when a child is a toddler to the time he/she ages, the emotional and physical fundamentals associated with sexuality, takes place as they start growing up. During their younger ages they start to relate more with their same sex, The foundation of emotional and physical attachment that forms itself between parents and infants acts as the early stages of physical love intimacy and comfort, which children experience when they are starting to mature. A huge factor is the role of stereotypes, reinforced by social and cultural norms, Most children develop their habits through things they see happening around them. 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Analysis of Evil in Peter Van Inwagen´sThe Argument from...

This essay examines a paper by Peter Van Inwagen, â€Å"The Argument from Evil†. Inwagen’s paper attempts to give a possible reason for why there is evil in this world. However, this essay will attempt to give reasons for why Inwagen’s reason for evil does not explain evil without compromising God’s essential quality of moral perfection. Inwagen sets the basic format for the problem of evil as thus: God has â€Å"non-negotiable† properties of omnipotence and moral perfection, there is evil in this world, if an omnipotent and morally perfect being created this world there shouldn’t be evil in it, therefore, there is no God. (Reason and Responsibility, 108) Omnipotence meaning able to bring about anything that is not a contradiction and moral†¦show more content†¦Firstly, Inwagen examines a theist’s reply that God brings a greater good out of the evils in the world. However, the problem with this reply, Inwagen notes, is that it does not take into account God’s omnipotence. In other words, God could have brought out a greater good from evil than He has. This implies either God is not omnipotent and so is unable to bring about the greater good or if He is omnipotent then this reply implies a moral imperfection. Therefore, Inwagen admits, his defense must include â€Å"†¦the pro position that God was unable bring about the greater goods without allowing evils†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Reason and Responsibility, 110). Secondly, a theist may reply that there is evil in this world because it allows for an understanding of good. However, Inwagen again notes God’s omnipotence which could teach this contrast through something less evil, such as vivid nightmares. (Reason and Responsibility, 110) Lastly, Inwagen believes, a theist may reply using free will. Inwagen defines free will as a free choice between different options, for example A or B, where God cannot make a person choose A over B because it is a contradiction to the definition of free will. Moreover, humans abuse free will which causes or â€Å"produces a certain amount of evil†. Nonetheless, free will is good that outweighs its evil affects, so, that is why God has allowed it. (Reason and Responsibility, 111) Inwagen notes the objections to this solution as well: (i) the good from free will

When Elizabethans went to see Hamlet, their experience would have been hugely different compared to the experience today Essay Example For Students

When Elizabethans went to see Hamlet, their experience would have been hugely different compared to the experience today Essay When Elizabethans went to see Hamlet, their experience would have been hugely different compared to the experience somebody today would get if they saw a modern-day performance. The play would have been performed in the round, inside an open-air theatre. The audience would stand, smoke, drink, and talk and shout throughout the performance. On stage, no scenery would set the scene; scene changes were shown by the last two sentences, of an actor, containing last word rhyming couplets. Lighting was limited à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" performances took place at mid-day, so the only light was natural. Elizabethans had to be prepared to use their imagination when going to see Hamlet, and they would expect to participate. One way of showing their use of imagination and participation is how they had to imagine the sexuality of a character. All the Elizabethan actors were male. Men would be the only people allowed to perform on stage playing both sex roles. Elizabethans were Proto-Catholics and so Hamlets actions and sins greatly fascinated and disturbed them. The church taught that revenge, suicide and murder were sins no matter how they came about and in no circumstance were to be tolerated. It is repugnant on theological grounds, since Christian orthodoxy posits a world ordered by divine Providence, in which revenge is a sin and a blasphemy, endangering the soul of the revenge. Internet quote à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Hamlet and the four Humours. Hamlet was a great sinner to the Elizabethan audience, who would have been horrified to see him plot to and kill the king. The Divine Right of Kings made his many sins seem worse to them. He was planning to and eventually does kill Claudius, his own mothers husband and his new stepfather, but Hamlet was also killing the King who they believed had been appointed to the throne by God. This was complicated by the fact that Hamlet was planning to kill a king who had killed a king! Is this revenge or justice? It added an extra dimension to the play, intensifying Hamlets actions and adding to the audiences horror. The church taught Elizabethans that after murder is committed the murderer would be sent to Hell. Hamlet went against God because he was a murderer and therefore a sinner, resulting in Hamlet going to Hell and shocking but at the same time scaring the Elizabethans. Although Hamlet would have been condemned by the audience he would have still kept close contact with them through his five major soliloquies, which helped the audience read his mind and sympathize with him. The impact of Hamlet would have been a great one in its time. All the great sins of the play Hamlet; people plotting against their family, having incestuous relationships, seeing and speaking to ghosts, committing adultery and betrayal, and torturing and murdering people, were intriguing to Elizabethan audiences. Hamlets sins provided the audience with mystery and therefore made the tragedy appealing. The Elizabethans attitudes towards  Hamlet were different to modern approaches to the play. The Elizabethans believed in The Four Humours, A traditional theory of physiology in which health, mind and character was dependant upon the balance of four fluids in your body, and four elements. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦but essential to interpreting Elizabethan drama, especially the late-16th century genre known as the comedy of humours cf. Ben Jonson. Finally, an illustrative quotation from the final lines of Shakespeares Julius Caesar V.v.74-76, in which Antony eulogizes Brutus: His life was gentle, and the elements so mixd in him that Nature might stand up And say to all the world, This was a man! Website found on MSN search engine Shakespears plays. Therefore, the Elizabethans believed that Hamlet acted upon his Humours. The main Humour they believed he had was black bile, which gave him a Melancholic temperament and an introspective, sallow, thin, gluttonous, lazy, sentimental personality. His element was Earth and his remedy Cold and dry conditions. They believed that what ever happened was due to fate and the four humours, so Hamlet was just walking the path of fate to his own death. The first stage of him showing his Humours is when he appears to go mad. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦madness i.e. melancholy brought about by a humoral imbalanceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Website found on MSN search engine Hamlet and Humours. Modern attitudes towards the play Hamlet have a more realistic air. We now know that you act upon your instincts, and you decide your own fate. Our ideas of psychoanalysis give us an advantage over the Elizabethans; we understand how and why Hamlet acts the way he does, because we know more about how the human brain works and traumas that may drive us into actions without us understanding our own real motives. The main soliloquies of Hamlet give us a window into his soul. Hamlets motives and ideas become clearer through soliloquies. His motive throughout the play is to get revenge for his fathers murder. When the actors put on a play Hamlet realizes that he has to get revenge. What would he do Had he the motive and the cue for passion That I have? He would drown the stage with tears This soliloquy shows a lot about Hamlets character. It shows his passion for revenge, Hamlet As A Victim Of His Humanity EssayHis believe shows how his delay is a manifestation of his own fear of getting hurt. A fine, pure noble and highly moral person, but devoid of that emotional strength that characterizes a hero, goes to pieces beneath a burden that it can neither support or cast offà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦The impossible is demanded of him-not the impossible in any absolute sense, but what is impossible for him. Goethes view was one of Hamlet being too good for his world: too sensitive, too poetical, and too philosophically speculative. Goethe How he twists and turns, trembles, advances and retreats, always being reminded, always  reminding himself, and finally almost losing sight of his goal, yet without ever regaining happiness! Here we see Hamlet being viewed upon as a young man who has to cope with his fathers unexpected death, being visited by his fathers ghost and becomes horrified to find out that his father was murdered by his brother, Hamlets uncle. He becomes even more terrified to hear that he must seek revenge. Goethe believes that the impact of this on Hamlet is one of sadness and amazement, he swears not to ever forget his beloved father and feels lonely and isolated. This view of Hamlet is a very positive one, in the sense that Hamlet has to go through many things alone, and is therefore depressed. Medical minded Interpretations are that Hamlet has an excess of a depose tissue around his heart hence his reference to having trouble breathing. Others believe Hamlet could be physically ill, or maybe even insane. Dover Wilson believed that Hamlet carried out the murder as soon as he was able to, while E.E.Stoll believed that the delay of the murder was a convention because without a delay there would be no play. Another possible view of Hamlet is that of a man who thought things through instead of acting upon first reactions. This view is a positive view of Hamlets inaction. Hamlet could be seen as a man who does not react upon his first instincts and therefore keeps himself out of trouble. An example of this is when Hamlet is about to kill Claudius but sees him at prayer and so does not kill him. This is one of the positive things, which came about due to his thoughtfulness. If he had killed Claudius at prayer then he would have gone to Heaven as he was repenting his sins, but Hamlet wanted Claudius to go to Hell for murdering his father. Therefore, Hamlets thinking saves Claudius from Heaven and that is what Hamlet wanted. The Elizabethans would not have analyzed the play because they only saw the plays as entertainment. They would have viewed Hamlet as a sinner as he went against the church, which played a big part in their lives. Many of Hamlets actions and thoughts would have shocked the Elizabethan audience. Examples of this are when Hamlet considers suicide and when Hamlet plans to get revenge and murder his stepfather, Claudius. In my view Hamlet was everyman, a normal man, who took his fathers death badly and so rebelled against his mothers marriage to his uncle. This, I think, is the turning point for Hamlet, for after the marriage he turns to revenge, madness and murder. My opinion is that Hamlet is drawn to questions with no actual answer, most of which are related to death. His wild speeches and pointed innuendoes upset and surprise the people around him. Although Hamlet is a prince he never, for a moment, ceases to be conscious of his rights as heir  to the throne. Therefore I can understand how the play can be seen not as a drama but of a play of duty and self-denial. I believe that Hamlet thinks too much about what action he should take and this is the reason for all the tragic murders and suicides Ophelia. Hamlets a philosophically minded prince who delays action because of his lack of knowledge. He is appointed the difficult task of correcting an injustice that he can never quite have sufficient knowledge of. Hamlet does not realize that his thoughtfulness is gradually turning everybody against him, for everybody soon realizes what he is thinking and what he is about to do. An example being when Claudius realizes that Hamlet is going to kill him and arranges for Hamlet to be sent away accompanied by his own friends who have indeed turned against him? The play as a whole shows the difficulties of knowing the truth about others à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" their states of sanity, truths, lies and loves. It is about the difficulty of living in the world of other people. The play has many regular references to death and has been compared to Dostoievskys Stavrogin because the play is also centered on death and Hamlet fears and is feared by those around him. In my opinion Hamlets constant thinking and lack of action causes all the deaths in the play. These could easily have been prevented if he had taken action and not been such a weak person.

Is Violence and conflict central to Romeo and Juliet Essay Example

Is Violence and conflict central to Romeo and Juliet? Essay What is in a name? A rose by any other name would smell as sweet, a quote clearly representing Juliets love and confusion, as during that time, Juliet was questioning her love for Romeo, and thereby portraying her inner conflict. Along with the plot twists this is what Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet is about. However, there is also a darker side to the story, and this is the large amount of conflict and violence. This essay will show that Romeo and Juliet does indeed, have a lot of violence in it. As well as examine the language used, discuss the way the play is written, and aim to conclude all the given ideas. In view of my argument, there are three major scenes before the last which incorporate violence into them, act one, scene one, act three, scene one, and act three, scene five, and the last scene, act five, scene three . In these scenes, there is an extreme amount of violence. It is through these scenes, that we will determine that Romeo and Juliet is indeed a violent play. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Violence and conflict central to Romeo and Juliet? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Is Violence and conflict central to Romeo and Juliet? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Is Violence and conflict central to Romeo and Juliet? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Conflict is embedded deep into the play, even through the introduction of it early on. Ay, while you live, draw your neck out o the collar, by Gregory saying this, it shows that he is willing to fight to the death. This signifies that violence, during the time period the Romeo and Juliet was written, was extremely important, as it was the only way that people could defend their honour was by fighting. Honour was extremely important for these men, as this was a vital way to become influential in the society. During the next thirty four lines, Gregory and Samson argue about what they will do to the men and the women of the Montague family. True; and therefore women, being the weaker vessels, are ever thrust to the wall: therefore I will push Montagues men from the wall, and thrust his maids to the wall. This quote means that Samson will take the lives of the Montague men, push Montagues men from the wall, and they will violate the women, thrust his maids to the wall. This quote has an extreme amount of violence in it, and so this also amplifies the fact that there was a very bitter rivalry between the Capulets and the Montagues. Without this conflict, there is no reason why Romeo could not marry Juliet. The next few lines introduce Abraham, Benvolio, and Tybalt, who then go on to start a fight. What, drawn, and talk of peace! I hate the word, As I hate hell, all Montagues, and thee: Have at thee, coward! These lines are portrayed in an extremely violent and aggressive manner. They fight, This particular stage direction, shows that the men used violence in order to make themselves more intimidating, this does not just happen in this one instance, during the play, many men tend to act tough and violent in order to make themselves seem as if they have more authority, such as when Gregory boasts about himself, which becomes important for Capulet as the play progresses. The next form of Conflict that takes place is the conflict within Romeo, who wants to leave his love for Rosaline, but cannot. Bid a sick man in sadness make his will: Ah, word ill urged to one that is so ill! In sadness, cousin, I do love a woman. This quote shows that he is fighting his love for Rosaline, as he states In sadness cousin, which means that he regrets it but loves her anyway. The word sad, representing his regret. If it was not for this inner conflict of Romeo, he would never have gone to the party, meaning that he would never have met Juliet. This shows once more, that violence and conflict is a very important part of the play that has a direct affect on the plot. In Act three: Scene one, there are many forms of violence that take place. Firstly, the inner conflict of Mercutio, as he accuses Benvolio of being a hot tempered person, Come, come, thou art as hot a Jack in thy mood as any in Italy, and as soon moved to be moody, and as soon moody to be moved. The word hot can be associated with fire, and anger, depicting that Benvolio is temperamental. However, what we can understand from this is that Mercutio is actually describing himself. While Benvolio mainly tries to avoid a fight, and normally will try to make peace, Mercutio is always supportive of defending his honour. If he was not, then it could never lead to his and Tybalts death. The next form of violence in the play is the use of verbal fighting, in act three scene one, between Tybalt and Mercutio. Consort! What, dost thou make us minstrels?. This quote clearly portrays the aggression that Mercutio is showing toward Tybalt, and he takes his accusations and subverts them. If this fight had not take place, then Mercutio would never have been so aggravated as to have taken Tybalt on in a duel. Furthermore, the next issue to address is the emotional conflict that Romeo faces, which is a reflection of the verbal fighting, when Tybalt calls Romeo a villain and thereby insults his honour, Romeo is faced with an extremely difficult choice. Tybalt, the reason that I have to love thee Doth much excuse the appertaining rage? To such a greeting: villain am I none; Therefore farewell; I see thou knowst me not. This quote shows that Romeo is caught in conflict. If he does not answer back to Tybalt, he would be regarded as a coward, and he will bring shame upon his family and his reputation. On the other hand, if he does retaliate, he will kill Juliets cousin, which will anger the Capulets further and fuel the war, thereby putting pressure on his relationship with Juliet. Furthermore in this scene, there is also a large amount of physical violence that takes place. Forbidden bandying in Verona streets: Hold, Tybalt! good Mercutio! TYBALT under ROMEOs arm stabs MERCUTIO, and flies with his followers. If Mercutio had never been stabbed, Romeo would never have been banished for avenging Mercutios death. This point shows that violence and conflict is relevant to the play, and without it, then Romeo would never have been banished by the prince. The final form of conflict in this scene is between Lady Capulet, the Prince and Benvolio. This is mainly verbal conflict, however it leads to the banishment of Romeo. I beg for justice, which thou, prince, must give; Romeo slew Tybalt, Romeo must not live. As Lady Capulet demands that Romeo be killed, the prince is put under a lot of pressure, and eventually manages to come to a compromise. However, without this argument, the Prince would have to let Romeo go, as Romeo only did what the prince had threatened earlier, to kill any Capulet or Montague that quarrelled, and therefore, Romeo had only carried out the punishment. The last scene that will be discussed is act, scene five. It starts with Romeo in Juliets room, where he is spending his last few hours with her. The first form of conflict in this part of the play is Juliets inner conflict. She is wondering whether she made the right choice by marrying Romeo. Indeed, I never shall be satisfied with Romeo, till I behold him-dead-. In this quote she is using a double meaning, portraying to her mother that he is a villain, while secretly meaning, that she will not be satisfied until she holds Romeo in her hands. This quote also foreshadows the ultimate act of violence that is yet to come, their death. Moreover, this also proves that violence is embedded in the plot line, and is also portrayed in the tone of the language. The next and most important conflict in this scene is between Capulet, and Juliet. Here, he is angered by the fact that Juliet refuses to marry Paris, and threatens to hit her, and quite violently pushes her away, while he screams at her. Hang thee, young baggage! disobedient wretch! I tell thee what: get thee to church o Thursday. This quote really express the anger in Capulets voice, as the words baggage and wretch show that he is irritated as he is using an extremely violent tone to . This also illustrates how violent Capulet is, and this is proven by the fact that he talks to his daughter using extremely negative language. If this scene never happened, and Capulet only forced her to marry Paris, and did not use any form of violence, then the play would not portray the amount of emotion that Shakespeare had intended to. The reader would not feel Juliets loss or trauma. Furthermore, if he did not force Juliet to marry Paris, then it would be fairly simple for Juliet to run away wit h Romeo, as the haste of the plan created by Juliet and the Friar, caused the fatal events to unfold, and for Romeo to miss the letter. Ergo, the last scene is where the ultimate act of violence takes place, the death of Romeo and Juliet. Without this scene, then the play would have a completely different ending, and would have been a comedy. For never was a story of more woe, than this of Juliet and her Romeo, this quote portrays the tragedy that had just happened, especially the word woe, as it is associated with tragedy and sadness. As conflict was the reason that caused the violence in the first place, it was only fitting that violence ended the play, with the death of Juliet. On the other hand, critics may argue that violence and conflict is not at all a major part in the play. This is because Shakespeare intended Romeo and Juliet to be a love story in the first place, and since this is a huge theme and the genre, it could make the violence in the play not very important at all. The violence could also become unimportant, as there are also many other themes within the play, such as, status, power, challenging authority, and the love triangle between Paris, Juliet and Romeo. However, without violence and conflict to create and highlight these factors, Romeo and Juliet would lose all of its originality. In conclusion, I think that violence and conflict is an extremely important part of Romeo and Juliet. If there was no violence and conflict, then the final events would never have unfolded. Violence and conflict are the two things that help the events in the play to link together, for example, if Romeos inner conflict had not made him go to Rosalines party, he never would have angered Tybalt, and Tybalt would never have had a reason to go looking for Romeo, and Mercutio would never have died. The violence and conflict acts as links in the chain of events throughout the play. .Ultimately, without these two factors, Romeo and Juliet would never exist!